2.) Flashlight: If you walk home in a black out or after-dark terror scenario, street light will not be working. A flashlight is indespensible. Flashlight and LED micro light too.
In this scenario, I would avoid using a flashlight if at all possible. I wouldn't want to have a beacon pointing everyone to me. Even on the darkest nights (new moon), there's enough light to walk carefully once your eyes are dark-adapted. Having night vision-safe light for quick checks of street signs or map would be good though.