What do you mean by "use more fuel"?

Fuel per hour? Probably not, the same engine usually means the same fuel burn, regardless of what it's dragging around.

Fuel per mile? Maybe. STOL airplanes need a slower stall speed, which means a lighter wing loading, which most likely also means a slower cruise speed for the same horsepower, so it would take more hours to get to the same place.

But on the other hand, if you can get into smaller fields, you might not need to go as far, or can land closer to your destination.

It's really comparing apples and oranges.