One of the biggest practical measures will involve having the local populace shelter in place. And that is the place to invest time and dollars -- making your residence and your shelter room as airtight as possible before an incident.

Keep duct tape handy. I am reminded of an incident here on the Channel islands (California). A missile launch at Vandenberg AFB went awry and it exploded on the launch pad. San Miguel island was directly downwind. The people on the island went into the Ranger Station, basically a CONEX box with a couple of doors and windows, and sealed the opening with duct tape until they could be flown out.

No fun at all....