Yes and no. Your standard pistol calibers wouldn't do much unless you quite literally got lucky shot it in the eye and it went into the brain. That being said there are handguns in calibers that can handle a grizzly bear. High caliber magnum load revolvers. Stuff like that.

Ruger makes a pistol called the "Alaskan" that is chambered in .454 Casull. So there's that. I think it also can fire .45 Colt Longs. But don't quote me on that. Seems to be a resurgence of rifle and pistols that fire .45 Colt Long.

I recall some years ago someone in Alaska actually saying "Just bring a .22. Several shots at a bear will scare it away." Which is like attacking a battleship with a baseball bat. Not gonna work out well.