The difference between VHF and UHF for range is pretty small, maybe 10% in the open using the same height, antenna gain, and wattage. Sometimes UHF has better penetration of buildings and trees.

All FRS and GMRS frequencies in the US are UHF. The FCC limits FRS output to 500 milliwatts, and radios must have fixed antennas to be type accepted. It's rare to get much more than a mile out of them, and less is common. GMRS can be significantly better due to higher wattage (1-5 commonly in handhelds, with a 50 W limit) and better antennas for many units.

While CB uses a much lower frequency, propagation can work locally if two stations have line of sight. Without line of sight, CB can propagate over the horizon by bouncing off the ionosphere, often producing a blind zone.