I am currently reading a bit about the development of "science" and find it is an evolving concept. What things are included as "sciences" is therefore somewhat in flux as well.

There are some areas of study not readily amenable to experiment because they are, at least for now, too complex or ethically out of bounds. Those things tend to be studied instead by many detailed observations generating data which are checked for statistical reliability. If deemed reliable, then theories can be propounded and old and new data can be examined to see if they are consistent with the theories.