Hi All,
Just a follow up. After firing a dozen different calibers this past weekend, I've come to a few conclusions.
Due to the ease of use and price of ammunition, the .22 will be my primary firearm. A close second would be a 12 gage shotgun with both a smooth-bore and slug barrels. Deer hunting in this area is restricted to shotguns, though in a survival situation, I don't know that it would matter. For a longer range rifle, I'm going to go with the .243

Thanks again for all of your input. You all helped me ask the right questions.