EDIT II: It seems that people can send SMS to the local 911-equivalent in Sweden, Denmark and Iceland. The idea is that deaf or speaking impaired people should have an efficient way of reaching the emergency services.
In Sweden there is an ongoing test/development project running for 2 years. As was mentioned, it is not available for all, but for a certain group of people; deaf, hearing-, and speach impaired and then only if you have registered for the service.