What I can tell you about chlorine dioxide: We use it in the laboratory setting as a true chemical sterilent, to sterilize / decontaminate surfaces that have either been in contact with potential infectious materials or create a clean environment prior to working with biological materials that must be maintained under sterile conditions. We have a two part solution that is generally made fresh each day. Products may vary between manufactures as to what concentrations to mix. Some can be made to disinfect others to actually sterilize surfaces. Pete