If you have a local fishing spot nearby where other folks are fishing; talk to someone there. Most fishermen love to give tips.
Other than that get a simple rod with 4lb test, some #10 bait holder hooks and some splitshot sinkers. With this simple set up you can catch most North American pond and stream species like sunfish / bluegills, trout, bass, etc.
Use worms and grasshoppers for bait. All other fishing is to add a challenge (fly, lures) worms are great for when you want to eat. The key is to get a natural "drift" either toward the bottom and or with the current.
Bill