> I don't believe that Dave (Brangdon) is saying that the UK situation is better or worse than USA
> situation. What I read is his explanation of how he understands UK police and courts view this
> sort of thing and likely responses in accordance with their laws and judicial system.

Yes, thank you. In fact I wouldn't have commented at all had the original poster not appeared to be giving advice to Americans about Europe. Eg, "... but in the majority of Europe such activities are illegal or highly frowned upon by the authorities". It seemed important to point out that weaponised flashlights are just as illegal here. I'm not claiming that's a good thing.