I've had pretty good luck with the following:

Dried shredded cedar bark.

Fir cones covered with pitch (Douglas fir predominantly).

Brown-dried fir needles (see warning from other posts).

Busted up cow chips.

Feather whittled pine sticks (really dry).

Fat wood.

Dried fungus works pretty good as a punk to keep an ember going. You gotta be kinda careful though. There's another bark that bird's nests pretty well. I think it comes from cottonwood, but I could be wrong. It will catch an ember like cedar bark and burst into flame with a minimum of coaxing.