If you post a few paragraphs please give full ISBN title, publisher and author with due credit. There is a minority view in the body of literature advocating various sea water strategems. I think Naro's excellent post 'flushes' the urine idea. I am personally very much opposed to the seawater trick. You must understand that ingesting salt beyond very tight metabolic parameters initiates rather nasty and terminal effects. In a survival situation the discipline to ration intake will quickly fall apart. A friend in the Coast Guard told me about a Haitian refugee he rescued only to watch die an agonizing death from drinking seawater. If I go near the water a reverse osmosis pump in my boat kit is de riguer and my water stores on terrra firma are rediculous overkill. As in everything else, an ounce of prevention averts a gallon of- saltwater or urine <img src="/images/graemlins/grin.gif" alt="" />