I've leaned toward the small molded ceramic stick sharpeners like the GATCO Super Micro-X Sharpener. Lansky makes one too.

https://www.sharpeningsupplies.com/GATCO-Super-Micro-X-Sharpener-P486.aspx

I've always thought that the carbide sharpeners would remove too much steel, although I've never used one.

The problem with these is that they have a fixed angle. Actually, I've spent some time online trying to determine what that angle is, and I've not been able to find it. I'll guess 20°.

Many of Doug's knives came with a 15° angle. I've been able to keep that using my Spyderco Sharpmaker. It would be almost painful to take those blades to a 20° angle sharpener. If I was in a real bind I guess I'd have no other choice. So far I've never had the need to field sharpen.