My concern is that all of these option require a base station somewhere on earth. No power at the base station means no relayed messages.
Perhaps you should consider carrier pigeons?
Indeed! They worked on the battlefields of WW I a century ago, so why not now? You could also consider heliographs; they brought Geronimo to his knees in the late 19th century. They did require land based stations, but those are easy to establish.
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