Ben gives a pretty good overall summary of life on the slope.

Just a few minor corrections/additions to the geography. ANWR is east of Pt Thomson. ANWR extends from the east edge to Pt Thomson Field all the way to the Canadian border. The tiny Alaska Native village of Kaktovik is in ANWR, on the coast.

From Deadhorse the road extends east to Endicott Field, and west to the end of Kuparuk Field. It isn't a long road, but seems like it because the speed limits are low (and strictly enforced). A pipeline extends west of Kuparuk across the Colville River to Alpine Field, but no road so people going there need to fly. There is a small Native Alaskan village at Nuiqsut on the Colville River. West of Alpine Field is NPRA (National Petroleum Reserve Alaska), and Barrow is west of that (a long way west). Wikipedia has a nice map from the USGS showing the overall geography.

The Dalton Highway (the "Haul Road") runs south from Deadhorse about 400 miles to connect with the Elliot Highway, then it is another 70 miles to Fairbanks. The public can drive all the way from Fairbanks to Deadhorse. The roads leading from Deadhorse into the oilfields are not open to the public. Driving up the Dalton is a great trip (in the summer), but the only gas and other services are at two spots on the whole route, at the Yukon River bridge and at Coldfoot.

Because of the great distance, "slopers" (North Slope workers like Ben) all fly. The oil companies have their own private airline (operated by Alaska Airlines) to take workers to and from the slope. Alaska Airlines also flies regular commercial service to Deadhorse.