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#253939 - 11/28/12 08:16 AM Re: 2x3" mirror = 300 lumens, 4.4 million candela [Re: ireckon]
rafowell Offline
Enthusiast

Registered: 11/29/09
Posts: 261
Loc: Southern California
Originally Posted By: ireckon
<snip> I wonder how many lumens a reflection of the sun from one of those small mirrors would be.<snip>


Per a Navy manual, a 3x5" glass mirror on a bright sunny day is 8 million candlepower. The actual number is going to be a function of the sun elevation, atmospheric clarity, mirror reflectance, and the sun to target angle included at the mirror.

My calculation:

Aiming at the horizon, assuming a mirror reflectance of 0.85, and the sun directly overhead (beam 45 deg off mirror surface normal), using a standard solar flux atmosphere model[1], I arrived at 4.4 million candela (the modern unit for candlepower) for a mirror surface of 6 square inches (a bit more than the net area of a 2"x3" mirror). That is in rough agreement with the Navy manual, after accounting for the different mirror size. However, the candlepower is so impressive because the beam is so small, not because of the power involved.

A candela is a lumen/steradian, and using 0.5358 deg for the sun diameter (median diameter over the year), all that power is going into a beam subtending only 1/14,560 of a steradian. So, to get lumens, I multiply candelas by 1/14,560, getting 300 lumens.

So, at high noon, beaming to the horizon (in any direction) we are talking 300 lumens - high, but not impressive per se. The reason it is so bright is that all those lumens are being crammed into 1/14,560 of a steradian beam, hence the 4.4 million candlepower.

[1] http://stjarnhimlen.se/comp/radfaq.html#10


Edited by rafowell (11/28/12 08:32 AM)
Edit Reason: Fix math error.
_________________________
A signal mirror should backup a radio distress signal, like a 406 MHz PLB (ACR PLB) (Ocean Signal PLB)

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#253940 - 11/28/12 08:23 AM Re: Signal Mirror flash seen from the air [Re: rafowell]
Phaedrus Offline
Carpal Tunnel

Registered: 04/28/10
Posts: 3164
Loc: Big Sky Country
Yeah, makes my Surefire & JETBeam lights seem kinda wimpy! grin I always have my Ritter PSP with mirror on me when I'm out hiking or camping. It's good to know a mirror is such a powerful signalling device.
_________________________
“I'd rather have questions that cannot be answered than answers that can't be questioned.” —Richard Feynman

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#254635 - 12/14/12 02:11 AM Re: Signal Mirror flash seen from the air [Re: rafowell]
duckear Offline
Addict

Registered: 03/01/04
Posts: 478
video won't play, states it is private

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#254671 - 12/15/12 08:54 AM Re: Signal Mirror flash seen from the air [Re: duckear]
rafowell Offline
Enthusiast

Registered: 11/29/09
Posts: 261
Loc: Southern California
Originally Posted By: duckear
video won't play, states it is private


So it does, and I can't find a viewable version anywhere. Odd. I put in an email to the Big Bend park staff asking them if there's anywhere we can view it.
_________________________
A signal mirror should backup a radio distress signal, like a 406 MHz PLB (ACR PLB) (Ocean Signal PLB)

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#255122 - 01/03/13 01:54 AM Signal Mirror flash is now back on the air [Re: rafowell]
rafowell Offline
Enthusiast

Registered: 11/29/09
Posts: 261
Loc: Southern California
The full eight-minute National Park Service safety video for Big Bend Park in Texas:

"This Video Could Save Your Life" by Reine Wonite,

is now back online, and can be viewed and/or downloaded here.

Since the signal mirror flash is 5 minutes into the video, I've extracted it and posted it on YouTube here:
Aerial Signal Flash Footage at YouTube
where you can view it at different sizes and resolutions, forward the link, etc.

I've also embedded a lo-res version here -
it pales compared to the 1080P full-screen version you can see on YouTube, but is very convenient:



I like it because it is (by far) the crispest aerial footage of a signal mirror flash that I've seen.


Edited by rafowell (01/03/13 02:11 AM)
Edit Reason: mentioned full screen version
_________________________
A signal mirror should backup a radio distress signal, like a 406 MHz PLB (ACR PLB) (Ocean Signal PLB)

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