At least one of your problems is easily avoided - floods. Stay out of areas that are subject to inundation. Essentially this means not building within the 100 year flood plain; take to even higher ground if you wish to be more certain. The extent of potentially floodable lands may not be obvious.

Others can be tricky. Frame construction is generally the most resistant to earthquakes, but obviously is more susceptible to fire, although measures can be taken to render frame buildings more fire resistant