I'm not sure I understand exactly what you're asking but in all or most locales here, that areas local channels broadcast their signal free and over the air.
There are basically 2 services available for Satellite broadcasts in the UK.
There is Sky TV, which is a payable satellite TV service and Freesat satellite TV service with is free to pick up with a dish.
http://packages.sky.com/digitalswitchover/new-customer-offers/?DCMP=KNC-http://www.freesat.co.uk/index.php?page=HomeThere is also terrestrial broadcasts called Freeview.
http://www.freeview.co.uk/ If the priority is just the availability of TV news stations in a wide area blackout situation such as an earthquake then the broadcast TV and radio masts could have been taken out leaving just satellite broadcast from geostationary earth orbiting satellites.
The Sky Sat TV for example broadcast their signal which is encrypted and you have to pay a subscription to decode the broadcast signal.
Most of the channels on free to view Terrestrial broadcasts (Freeview - DVB-T ) are also available on Satellite broadcast (Freesat - DVB-S).
So can all your favorite Free to Air TV channels broadcast using Terrestrial HDTV transmitters also be viewed using using a Satellite dish in the USA.
The analogue terrestrial TV signal (5 channels) in the east of Scotland gets turned of today for the Digital Switch over. This should substantially improve the current Digital TV reception (about 86 channels of TV + Radio) signal strength.
The news channels available on terrestrial Digital TV are BBC News 24, Sky News, Russia Today, Al Jezera etc