I don't carry any equipment as dedicated fishing gear. Fishing is IMHO just too much like homesteading. My plans are more about getting out of the survival situation instead of taking up housekeeping.

In some cases fishing gear isn't even necessary.

I have pulled out pan fish by sprinkling bait, I used earthworms and bugs gathered from the leaf duff, and letting the fish get used to coming into shallow water and close. Helps if you arrange rocks or logs to get you a bit out on the water and to lay flat so you don't cast a shadow. Once they are coming in I take a stout stick, preferably fairly heavy and flattened like a heavy paddle, and whack the surface of the water with it as hard as possible. The idea is to use the shock wave from the impact to stun the fish long enough to grab them.

Another trick is to assemble quick and dirty fish basket or weir type fish traps. Vines, bamboo and long sticks work. I assembled one out of reeds and baited it with mushed up worms. Got a few small fish. Enough for a meal. I could have cut up one of them and used it as bait. I didn't try it but I imagine it would be simple enough to parlay a couple of small fish into larger ones and crayfish or crabs.

So it is possible. Even without specialized equipment. But that was during a couple of fine summer days and each attempt took several tries and hours to get right. Add in the time to set it up, catch the fish and prepare them and you have most of an afternoon invested. Not without reward but then again I knew the area and was well aware of the fish and their habits.

Investing that sort of time into a strange body of water where you're not sure there are any fish, or that they will go for what is offer as bait and you could end up investing a good part of a day and end up with nothing to show for it. An investment of time and effort that I expect would be better spent hiking out or actively trying to get rescued.