As has been said in many forums - even with an EPIRB/PLB, you may have to survive on your own for quite a while before help shows up.


The Concordia, a "tall ship" sailing ship [1] with 48 Canadian teenagers and 16 crew aboard, went from sailing upright in stormy seas to flat on its side in 15-20 seconds [1] and went under 15 minutes later when hit by a "microburst" 340 miles offshore from Brazil[7]. Half the lifeboats were underwater and 2 others were tangled in the rigging[2]. An EPIRB signal went out ca 2:30 PM Wednesday[3], though it seems it was manually rather than automatically activated[4][7]. It was many hours before the Brazilian Navy received the distress signal (reason under investigation) [5][7] at 10 PM local time. The Brazilians tried to radio contact the Concordia and nearby aircraft and ships. After 19 hours without response, 2 Brazilian search planes was dispatched. After another 3 hours, a plane spotted flares from a life raft (at 8 PM local time Thursday)[5],[6]. Merchant ships were vectored to the rafts.

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordia_%28ship%29
[2] http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20100220/lt-brazil-ship-capsizes/
[3] http://www.calgaryherald.com/Uncertainty...1963/story.html
[4] http://www.thestar.com/news/canada/artic...in-toronto?bn=1
[5] http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/21/AR2010022101773.html
[6] http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2010/02/19/ns-brazil-ship-sinks-students.html
[7] http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/rescued-canadians-dock-in-rio/article1475527/
"They were somewhat cheered when a crew member saw floating in the sea a device that ships in distress use to send signals to satellite. The crew member jumped into the water, retrieved the device and activated it."

For centuries, an incident like this would have been recorded as "SV Concordia lost at sea with all hands, unknown location." I just finished reading the biography of the British mountaineer and sailor H W Tilman, who departed at age 80, with a substantial crew, on a sailing vessel from a South American port for the Falkland Islands in 1978, with the ultimate end of sailing and mountaineering in the Antarctic. They were never heard from again.

Technology is wonderful, but it is complicated and intricate, and subject to human judgment. I hope the Brazilian navy will thoughtfully review their procedures.

"Two rafts got tangled in the rigging – but the ship's cook had rushed so quickly from her chores that she was still clutching a kitchen knife, which was used to slice through the ropes and free the rafts."

Sue

the part about the knife reminds me,canoe trippers are advised to carry a fixed blade sheath knife on their belt when working canoes up or down rapids on ropes,"lining",so they can slash the lines if they get tangled around legs,rocks,whatever.just another note to think about in the search for just the right knife.on the water just about anything can happen,canoe trippers have had the same fate in the barren lands where sudden winds can come out of no where and capsize a canoe and sweep it away before it can be retrieved.

The Brazilians sat on the emergency call for 19 hours. Once they got around to launching a search it only took 3 hours to find the survivors.

I've been following this story for a while. I'm glad that no lives were lost. Still, 40 hours in a raft, in rough seas? That's ugly business.

I don't know the full facts about the Brazilian response. My initial gut response is whiskey-tango-foxtrot, but I know there's always more to the story.

I have heard initial reports that the ship was heading into rough weather under full sail. Speculation or fact, I can't say.

The whole event is surprising, though. My understanding is that these tall ships have a keel so massive that they should bounce back even if the masts are in the water. What gives?

(Full disclaimer: I'm a landlubber, and my opinions are 100% armchair. My experience on tall ships is limited to spilling a drop o'grog on the deck of the Bluenose II, at anchor in Halifax, and a bit over the side too in keeping with tradition. I invite ye olde salts to set me on a straight course.)

One other thing that's not yet clear: some news articles say the automatic EPIRB failed, and that a crewman swam from a lifeboat to the wreck to ... do something that activated it?

I don't understand this at all. How does one look at a EPIRB from a life-raft and see that it's not working? Maybe it could be seen under debris that would block transmission?

I looked at the SARSAT packet format a couple of years ago and from memory I don't recall any way to indicate if the beacon was activated automatically or manually. But I may remember wrong, or perhaps SARSAT assigns *two* beacon IDs to such EPIRBs to indicate how it activated. Perhaps the Brazilians had a positive indication that it was someone pushing a button and thought that was a non-emergency activation? I'm trying to be generous here...

The boat is Canadian so the EPIRB is probably registered in Canada. Don't SARSAT alerts go through the nation-of-registration at some point in the alert process? I thought in a case like this the Canadians would be notified right away if any of their beacons activated anywhere in the world? I register my cell phone # with my PLB and had assumed this was so someone could call and check for accidental activation before launching a $$$ and risky search.

Good for the crew that nobody was lost.

"I have heard initial reports that the ship was heading into rough weather under full sail. Speculation or fact, I can't say."

Microbursts are extremely powerful despite their short existence, and they can take down an airliner.

I don't know much about boats, but "under full sail" and "under sail" aren't necessarily the same thing. Sailboats operate under sail, and in storm conditions I think they take down a lot of the sail and just leave a small one (or ones) to keep the boat going in the desired direction. Without (sail) power, they are just adrift.

Sue

If the strobe on an EPIRB is not flashing, it's not working. Very obvious. If the antenna is underwater, no transmission will get to the satellite.

No way to tell from the signal if it was an automatic release or a manual activation, but you can tell the model, which would tell you that basic info, but not how it was activated. Either one will go on when immersed.

The alert goes to both the country in which the EPIRB is registered and the country with SAR responsibility for the area the alert comes from. The contact numbers are there so they can call to see if it's a real alert. Absent a contact or absent one saying it's a known false alert (Johnny was playing with it, sorry), they should launch.

I heard it suffered a knockdown from a strong gust of wind. But that sort of ship shouldn't sink from a simple knockdown.

The ship should be entirely self-righting after a knockdown. Ideally the lee side ports would be closed so the ship doesn't take on water. But even if open it takes a whole lot of water to sink her. Which suggests that they didn't close them after the knockdown and may have abandoned ship before any damage control, close the ports and start the pumps, was attempted. The majority of the people being students, with little or no sailing experience, would have only added to the confusion and panic.

Of course if the ports were left open for several minutes and no other corrective actions were taken sinking is the inevitable outcome. Sailing ships are remarkably tolerant and forgiving but there are limits.

Seems to me there is something odd about how it all happened.

A microburst isn't just a gust of wind.

Here's a first-hand account: Inside a microburst

Here's a list of Notable microbursts

Sue

When I started looking I found a lot more of these than I expected. I clipped just three of them because they all report about the same thing.
What got me was how quickly they said the ships were knocked down, how fast they filled and how quickly they sank.
The students on the Concordia were very lucky and I am very pleased that nobody was lost.
Some of the sailing web sites were commenting on it too.

A white squall seems to be the other name they use for a microburst. Here is the stub from wikipedia on it.








http://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/10/nyregion/the-day-the-albatross-went-down.html?pagewanted=all

Here's another newspaper report on the Concordia sinking, this time with a useful level of detail:

http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/nati...article1477714/

I think they did a very nice job. Scared, but they did what needed to be done and everyone survived, no report of injuries. It apparently all happened so fast that they couldn't grab their Iridium sat phone. Happens.

She was a pretty yacht: http://www.classafloat.com/THEJOURNEY/SVConcordia/OurCampusbySea/tabid/65/Default.aspx

Sue