Stockton CA is the usual historical hodgepodge; it grew like Topsy. When the city wanted to know where the fire hydrants were to add colred reflectors in the streets to guide fire fighters, they had a service paint crosses in the streets near the fire hydrants and used aerial photography to plot them.

Edit: Learned today while at the fire department that following the aerial photos they took the one departmental GPS and went into the field to record where each fire hydrant was located. That was years ago and the department still has one GPS. They have been talking about having a class to teach how to use the GPS.