I dont believe that would work.
Thermoelectric coolers of the type pictured use several amps at 12 volts.
The PV module has stated output of 1.8 watts, which is probably a little over 0.1 amp at about 17 volts. And that is under ideal conditions, probably about 0.05 amp in practice.
At least 50 of those small PV modules would be needed and possibly as many as 100.

A 12 volt cooler could be powered from the vehicle battery, whilst the engine was running,which would help in the case of a vehicle in daily use.
However these 12 volt coolers are normally less well insulated than the non powered ones, therefore without power input the contents will warm up more quickly than in a regular cooler.