Snowshoes work better off-trail, in brush and in light, fluffy snow (in which, if wearing skis, you sink to your neck). The learning curve is short and easy.

Skis are faster and use less effort, but are PITAs in underbrush or on flats/uphills in fluffy snow. Basic motion is easy, but they are more complicated than 'shoes. Telemark skis may be a better choice than traditional XC skis in steep terrain. They are shorter/wider, offering better flotation in powder, and have half-edges and bindings with lockable heels so you can really ski the downhills.