We planted a garden one year, just a few things and had way more than what we could eat or give away and it was just a small half circle about half as wide as our house. We planted a row of squash, didn't follow the spare requirements just poured the whole seed packet along the widest part of our half circle. Put lettuce and tomatoes, cauliflower in the next, onions and carrots in the outer row. Put a couple sun flowers next to the house and they got so tall I had to tie them to the gutter to hold them up, he squirrels got them before we could.
Look into raised bed / square foot gardening, then hydroponics and vertical gardening. combine them all by building up some sort of walled area and put the bigger crops there (raised bed), then suspend the small stuff over that in water piped (hydroponics) and then vined plants can grow up the sides of the raised bed or the sides of your house.