Katie, that first link is to the pdf, and it is long... you have to read through it. but, here it is in a nutshell
"....Effectiveness Against Microbial Pathogens
Independent testing using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Guide Standard
and Protocol for Testing Microbiological Water Purifiers has been conducted with the SteriPEN
(references 1 and 2). Only bacteria and viruses were used in this testing. This testing indicated
the device did not consistently provide adequate bacteria (6-log) and virus (4-log) reduction1.
Although the testing confirms the SteriPEN provides a 6-log bacteria and 4-log virus removal in
clear (low turbidity) water only, it did not confirm the SteriPEN provides similar bacteria and
virus log removals in more challenging (higher turbidity) water. It is important to note that the
more difficult challenge water #2 (i.e., higher turbidity) was passed through another COTS
device, the General Ecology First Need Deluxe, prior to the water being treated by the SteriPEN.
™ SteriPEN is a registered trademark of Hydro-Photon, Inc., Blue Hill, ME. Use of a trademarked product does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Army, but is intended only in identification of a specific product.
1 The term reduction is used here to provide consistency of language with other device evaluation papers. UV light
does not reduce microbial pathogens by killing or damaging cells like chemical disinfectants. Rather, UV light
prevents the cell from reproducing, thereby preventing it from infecting a host. A more suitable term is inactivation."